Neuroradiology Teaching Files

 

Author of this site: Gavin Udstuen MD, Associate Professor of Neuroradiology and Medical Director of Outpatient Imaging, University of Cincinnati Physicians, UC Health, University of Cincinnati.

These cases are geared toward radiologists and trainees. They may be helpful in preparation for examinations or for tailoring of knowledge and interpretive skills. The images and discussions contain features and terminology that are not targeted to those without medical background and training.

Last update: 4/13/2021 with many new cases. Please note that cases 1-150 contain some "old school" imaging- no FLAIR sequence, conventional arteriograms in cases that now get CTA, inclusion of PDWI imaging, etc. obtained prior to 2000. Most of the cases after 150 are circa 2010 or newer.

These cases are limited to the pertinent images, presented in quiz mode below. Please click on a case and think about the findings and diagnosis, then click at the bottom for the answer and brief discussion. The cases are also organized by category for more targeted review. I have not been able to find the time to complete discussions and differentials on the last few hundred cases. Click here or scroll to the bottom of this page for a complete list of cases by category and diagnosis.    
 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200
201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260
261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280
281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300
301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320
321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340
341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360
361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380
381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400
401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420
421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440
441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460
461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480
481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500
501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520
521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540
541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560
561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580
581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600
601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620
621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640
641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660
661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680
681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700
701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720
721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740
741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760
761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780
781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791

 

Congenital
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115

 
Infection/Demyelinating/Inflammatory
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
141 142

 
Neoplasm
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200
201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260
261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278

 
Vascular/Ischemic
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101

 
Degenerative
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23

 
Metabolic/Other
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67

 
Trauma
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62




Cases above listed by diagnosis: 

  -Vascular
            -ACA aneurysm
            -ruptured ACOM aneurysm with corpus callosum hematoma
            -Azygous ACA
            -Delayed L MCA aneurysm rupture
            -Carotid terminus aneurysm
            -L ICA aneurysm, initial neg angio
            -L PCOM w active extrav
            -SDH with PCOM aneurysm
            -IVH with PCOM aneurysm
            -IVH with PCOM aneurysm 2
            -unruptured R PCOM aneurysm
            -Giant petrous-cavernous aneurysm
            -Basilar aneurysm with fenestration
            -Basilar aneurysm- coiled
            -Basilar aneurysms- complex
            -Basilar Aneurysm- Ruptured
            -Basilar artery thrombosis
            -Basilar artery thrombosis 2
            -Basilar artery thrombosis 3
            -Pericallosal aneurysm
            -Thrombosed PTA Aneurysm
            -Mycotic aneurysm
            -Mycotic aneurysm2
            -Posttraumatic ACA pseudoaneurysm
            -Internal maxillary pseudoaneurysm
            -Dissecting VB aneurysm
            -PICA aneurysm
            -carotid terminus vascular malformation
            -CCF
            -Direct CCF
            -Direct CCF 2
            -Dural AV fistula- transvenous coil
            -Dural AV fistula- cavernous
            -Dural AVF 3
            -AVM
            -posterior fossa AVM w PICA aneurysm
            -epidural AVM
            -pial AVM
            -Cavernoma1
            -Cavernoma2
            -Cavernoma3
            -Cavernoma4
            -cavernomas and DVA
            -cavernoma and DVA 2
            -cavernoma and DVA 3
            -cavernoma pontine w acute hemorrhage
            -cavernoma 5
              -Cavernous hemangioma of orbit
            -Right ICA stenosis with ischemic changes
            -R A2 thrombosis w ACA infarct
            -MCA infarction
            -MCA infarction2
            -MCA infarction- dot sign
            -MCA infarction- dot sign
            -R M1 occlusion
            -Acute bilateral MCA infarcts
            -MCA infarct w penumbra
            -L MCA infarct w invalid perfusion data
            -R MCA infarct w perfusion
            -B MCA infarcts
            -motor strip infarction
            -Hemorrhagic cerebellar infarction
            -PICA infarct R VA occlusion
            -Subacute infarct
            -Subacute hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
            -Moya Moya Disease
            -Moya Moya Disease 2
            -Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis
            -Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis2
            -Dural sinus thrombosis with hemorrhagic venous infarcts
            -Dural Sinus Thrombosis
            -Dural Sinus Thrombosis 2
            -Dural Sinus Thrombosis 3
            -Dural Sinus Thrombosis 4 with T1 shortening on MRV
            -Straight sinus thrombosis
            -Falcine sinus thrombosis
            -DVA with CVA
            -Capillary telangiectasia with DVA
            -Capillary telangiectasia
            -Laminar necrosis
            -Anoxic brain injury
            -Anoxic brain injury2
            -CADASIL 1
            -CADASIL 2
            -Thoracic outlet syndrome
              -Vein of galen malformation
              -Jugular Diverticulum
            -Hypertensive encephalopathy
            -PRES
            -PRES 2
            -PRES 3
            -PRES 4
            -PRES with hemorrhage and infarcts
            -Fibromuscular dysplasia
            -ACA vasculitis
            -Primary CNS vasculitis
            -severe atherosclerotic disease with multifocal stenosis
            -Spinal DAVF
            -Spinal cord infarction
            -type 2 glomus AVM spinal cord
            -type 2 glomus AVM spinal cord 2
              -Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

   -Inflammatory/Demyelinating/Infectious
           -herpes encephalitis
           -atypical herpes encephalitis
           -HSV encephalitis 2
           -abscess
           -abscess2
           -abscess3
           -abscess4
           -abscess5
           -ventriculitis
           -ventriculitis2
           -thalamic abscess and ventriculitis
           -multiple abscesses and ventriculitis
           -temporal lobe abscess due to mastoiditis
           -meningoencephalitis and empyema
           -suppurative adenitis
           -SLE reactive adenopathy
           -septic emboli
           -toxoplasmosis
           -toxoplasmosis2
           -meningitis with mastoiditis
           -Idiopathic Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis
           -laryngopyocele
           -mucormycosis
           -periapical cyst
           -Cholesterol Cyst
           -bilateral cholesterol granulomas
           -orbital pseudotumor
           -orbital pseudotumor2
           -orbital pseudotumor3
           -sarcoid1
           -sarcoid2
           -sarcoid3
           -sarcoid4
           -sarcoid5
           -sarcoid6
           -sarcoid7
           -sarcoid orbit
           -thyroid related orbital disease
           -Wegener's granulomatosis dural
           -Reidel's thyroiditis
           -Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
           -Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
           -ADEM 2
           -ADEM 3
           -CIDP
           -AIDP
             -cryptococcal meningitis
             -bacterial meningitis
             -meningoencephalitis
             -Subdural Empyemas
             -Listeria Meningitis with Vasculitis
             -malignant (necrotizing) otitis externa
             -Sphenoid Polyps
             -frontal sinus mucocele
             -maxillary sinus mucocele
             -antrochoanal polyp
             -OMU pattern obstructive sinusitis
             -invasive fungal sinusitis
             -Chronic maxillary sinusitis, odontogenic origin
             -odontogenic abscess
              -dentigerous cyst w oral antral fistula
              -dentigerous cyst w oral antral fistula 2
             -Lyme Disease
              -progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
              -progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 2
              -progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 3
               -Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy             
               -optic neuritis due to MS
              -active MS +DWI no enhancement
              -Multiple Sclerosis, spinal cord with active lesion
              -Susac Syndrome
              -tumefactive demyelination
              -tumefactive demyelination 2
              -tumefactive demyelination 3
              -neuromyelitis optica
              -neuromyelitis optica 2
              -neuromyelitis optica 3
              -PML-IRIS
              -encephalitis NOS, ?IRIS
              -lupus cerebritis
              -cysticercosis
              -racemose cysticercosis
              -cysticercosis3
              -acute parotitis
              -acute parotitis 2
              -neck phlegmon
              -calcific longus colli tendonitis
              -vertebral osteomyelitis
              -discitis osteomyelitis epidural phlegmon
              -cervical discitis/osteomyelitis
              -septic facet disease
              -spinal osteomyelitis without discitis
              -thoracic epidural abscess
              -epidural abscess 2
              -lumbar epidural abscess
              -blastomycosis spondylitis
              -osteomyelitis, temporal bone
              -Central Skull Base Osteomyelitis
              -Labyrinthitis Ossificans
              -Meniere's Disease
              -Myringosclerosis
              -sphenoid sinus mucocele
              -TB adenitis
              -Histoplasmosis Supraclavicular
              -cryptococcal meningitis
              -cryptococcosis
              -zygomycetes encephalitis

    -Neoplastic
            -intraaxial
                -hemangioblastoma
                -hemangioblastoma2
                -hemangioblastoma IV recurrence
                -hemangioblastoma vHL
                -hemangioblastoma 4
                -lymphoma1
                -lymphoma2
                -lymphoma3
                -lymphoma4
                -lymphoma5
                -lymphoma6
                -lymphoma 7 intraventricular
                -lymphoma 8
                -lymphoma 9
                -secondary CNS lymphoma
                -perivascular lymphoma
                -CNS lymphoma HIV periventricular
                -orbit lymphoma secondary CNS
                -lymphoma DLBCL
                -IAC B cell lymphoma
                -Metastatic Choriocarcinoma
                -subependymoma
                -GBM
                -GBM corpus callosum
                -GBM corpus callosum 2
                -GBM w subependymal
                -GBM intraventricular recurrence
                -GBM perivascular recurrence
                -multicentric GBM
                -GBM spine w CSF dissemination
                -recurrent GBM w uncal herniation
                -recurrent GBM, corpus callosum
                -GBM left frontal
                -Recc GBM Avastin
                -Recc GBM dural
                -GC with GBM trans
                -glioma/gliomatosis cerebri
                -gliomatosis cerebri
                -gliomatosis cerebri2
                -multifocal GBM
                -GBM recurrence, dissemination
                -GBM well circumscribed
                -GBM recurrence, with dural sinus thrombosis
                -GBM recurrence,subarachnoid
                -Gliosarcoma
                -oligodendroglioma
                -oligodendroglioma 2
                -pontine glioma
                -Gliosarcoma
                -central neurocytoma
                -central neurocytoma2
                -central neurocytoma3
                -grade 2 neurocytoma
                -subependymoma
                -subependymoma 2
                -choroid plexus papilloma
                -Astrocytoma
                -pilocytic astrocytoma
                -pilocytic astrocytoma2
                -pilocytic astrocytoma suprasellar
                -pilocytic astrocytoma 4
                -grade 2 astrocytoma
                -grade 2 astrocytoma 2
                -grade 2 astrocytoma 3
                -anaplastic astrocytoma
                -anaplastic astrocytoma2
                -grade 3 astrocytoma
                -grade 3 astrocytoma 2
                -grade 3 astrocytoma 3
                -grade 3 astrocytoma 4
                -grade 3 astrocytoma IV recurrence
                -medulla astrocytoma
                -anaplastic oligodendroglioma
                -spinal cord astrocytoma
                -spinal cord astrocytoma pilocytic
                -PNET
                -RGNT
                -trilateral retinoblastoma
                -Lhermitte Duclos
                -ganglioglioma
                -ganglioglioma 2
                -ganglioglioma 3
                -DNET
                -DNET2
                -DNET3 cerebellum
                -DNET4
                -tectal glioma
                -hamartoma of tuber cinereum
                -diffuse metastases, occult on noncon CT
                -metastatic choriocarcinoma
                -metastatic small cell lung
                -Metastatic Melanoma
                -Metastatic Melanoma IV
                -metastatic melanoma w IVH
                -metastatic melanoma 3
                -intramedullary metastasis, lung
                -metastatic disease
                -metastatic disease 2
                -metastatic goblet cell
                -metastatic breast dural and skull
                -LC breast
                -LC breast 2
                -LC breast 3
                -epidural and LC lung
                -spine and LC lung
                -LC melanoma
                -LC melanoma spine
                -Met breast vs BRONJ
                -germinoma
                -germinoma2
                -embryonal carcinoma pineal

            -extraaxial
                -dermoid1
                -dermoid2
                -chordoma1
                -chordoma2
                -chordoma3
                -squamous cell carcinoma, clivus
                -ependymoma
                -ependymoma grade 2
                -pineocytoma
                -epidermoid1
                -epidermoid2
                -epidermoid3
                -epidermoid4
                -epidermoid recurrent
                -epidermoid recurrent 2
                -epidermoid 5
                -epidermoid 6
                -epidermoid 7
                -carotid body tumor
                -glomus tympanicum
                -facial schwannoma
                -Meningioma 1
                -Meningioma 2
                -Meningioma 3
                -Meningioma 4
                -Meningioma 5
                -malignant grade 3 meningioma
                -Hemangiopericytoma
                -Meningioma, Olfactory groove and Planum
                -Meningioma, optic nerve sheath
                -lipoblastic meningioma
                -intraventricular meningioma
                -V2 schwannoma
                -5th nerve schwannoma
                -IAC schwannoma
                -Cochlear schwannoma
                -Schwannoma thoracic
                -C3 foraminal/extraforaminal schwannoma
                -spinal hemangiopericytoma
                -T10 lymphoma
                -multifocal spinal lymphoma
                -met lung calvarial
                -met cholangio spine
                -ewing sarcoma
          -sellar/suprasellar
                -craniopharyngioma1
                -craniopharyngioma2
                -craniopharyngioma3
                -craniopharyngioma4
                -craniopharyngioma5
                -craniopharyngioma6
                -pituitary adenoma 1
                -pituitary adenoma 2
                -pituitary adenoma 3 infrasellar
                -pituitary adenoma with hemorrhage
                -pituitary adenoma ectopic
                -pituitary adenoma recurrent
            -other neoplasms
                -amelanotic melanoma
                -extraocular orbital melanoma
                -ocular melanoma
                -orbital lymphoma
                -orbital lymphoma2
                -orbital metastases, breast cancer
                -orbital hemangiopericytoma
                -orbital hemangiopericytoma 2
                -esthesioneuroblastoma
                -chondrosarcoma
                -chondrosarcoma larynx2
                -chondrosarcoma larynx 3
                -chondrosarcoma 3
                -chondroblastic oestosarcoma face
                 -rhabdomyosarcoma
                 -glomus jugulare
                 -paraganglioma
                 -paraganglioma 2
                 -paraganglioma 3
                -cholesteatoma
                -cholesteatoma2
                -cholesteatoma 3
                -cholesteatoma 4
                -cholesteatoma EAC and MOE
                -cholesteatoma 5
                -cholesteatoma 6
                -EAC osteoma
                -EAC fibro-osteoma
                -benign glomangioma
                -inverting papilloma
                -inverting papilloma 2
                -inverting papilloma 3
                -ethmoid osteoma
                -angiofibroma
                -nasal hemangiopericytoma
                -nasal SCC
                -spindle cell sarcoma
                -schwannoma
                -osteosarcoma, mandible
                -ameloblastoma
                -ameloblastoma2
                -ameloblastoma3
                -ameloblastoma4
                -ameloblastoma5
                -odontogenic myxoma
                -odontogenic myxoma 2
                -odontogenic keratocyst 1
                -odontogenic keratocyst 2
                -tongue cancer with mets
                -tonsil cancer
                -tongue cancer w bilateral nodes
                -occult tonsil SCC
                -T4 subglottic SCCA
                -SCC oropharynx
                -preepiglottic SCCA
                -T4 laryngeal SCCA
                -SCC frontal sinus
                -HN cancer extracapsular nodes
                -maxillary squamous cell carcinoma
                -adenoid cystic carcinoma
                -Minor salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma
                -esthesioneuroblastoma
                -Choroid Plexus Carcinoma
                -perineural tumor spread
                -perineural tumor spread 2
                -perineural tumor spread 3
                -SCC with PNTS
                -SCC with PNTS 2
                -Adenoid cystic carcinoma with recurrence and PNTS
                -SNUC with PNTS
                -SCC EAC
                -SCC ex IP
                -basal cell carcinoma
                -lung cancer, vocal cord paralysis
                -nodal mets, follicular thyroid cancer
                -Pleomorphic Adenoma Hard palate
                -Warthin's tumor
                -Warthin's tumor2
                -Warthin's tumor 3
                -myoepithelial rich pleo
                -benign mixed tumor deep lobe parotid
                -Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
                -Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

                -lymphoma, submandibular gland
                -thyroid liposarcoma
                -thyroid lymphoma
                -thyroid lymphoma 2
                -thyroid lymphoma 3
                -thyroid cancer w nodal mets
                -medullary thyroid cancer
                -verrucous carcinoma
                -benign chondro-osseous neoplasm neck
                -TMJ mass ?GCT
                -nasal lymphoma
                -spinal cord hemangioblastoma
                -ABC cervical
                -Aggressive hemangioma thoracic
                -pleomorphic adenoma2
                -pleomorphic adenoma

        -Congenital
            -lissencephaly
            -schizencephaly
            -schizencephaly3
            -open schizencephaly
            -closed lipped schizencephaly
            -unilateral perisylvian syndrome
            -hemimegalencephaly
            -septo-optic dysplasia
            -Ruptured Dermoid
            -Suprasellar Dermoid
            -Dermoid 3 CPA
            -Mature nasopharyngeal teratoma
            -callosal agenesis
            -callosal agenesis, migrational anomaly, Dandy-Walker variant
            -band heterotopia
            -band heterotopia and AVM
            -Congenital Pedicle Duplication
            -Congenital Pedicle Absence
            -Congenital atlanto-occipital fusion with widened ADI
            -persistent trigeminal artery1
            -persistent trigeminal artery2
            -aberrant internal carotid
            -persistent hypoglossal artery
            -aberrant RVA from arch
            -AICA from ICA
            -PICA from ECA
            -kissing carotids
            -internal carotid agenesis
            -ophthalmic origin from middle meningeal artery
            -jugular bulb dehiscence
            -3rd branchial cleft cyst
            -Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
            -2nd branchial cleft cyst
            -Mondini Malformation with Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome
            -Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome
            -Colloid cyst 1
            -Colloid cyst 2
            -Colloid cyst and meningioma
            -Colloid cyst and hippocampal infarcts
            -Dentigerous Cyst
            -Hemorrhagic pineal cyst
            -Rathke's Cleft cyst
            -Rathke's Cleft cyst 2
             -Chiari I malformation
            -Chiari II malformation
            -Chiari II malformation2
            -Chiari II malformation3
            -Chiari III malformation3
            -callosal agenesis with lipoma
            -Corpus Callosum Hypoplasia and lipoma
            -lipoma
            -intramedullary lipoma
            -Cistern Lipoma
            -lipomyelocele
            -complex spinal fusion anomalies
            -butterfly vertebra, aortic dissection
            -colpocephaly
            -plexiform neurofibroma (NF1)
            -optic glioma (NF1)
            -Neurofibromatosis type 2
            -Neurofibromatosis type 2(2)
            -Neurofibromatosis type 2(3)
            -Neurofibromatosis type 2(4)
            -Tuberous Sclerosis
            -Tuberous Sclerosis 2
            -Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 3
            -Fragile X Ataxia
            -hamartoma amygdala
            -Sturge Weber Syndrome
            -Sturge Weber Syndrome2
            -Sturge Weber variant
            -Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
            -Fahr's Disease
            -rhombencephalosynapsis
            -fibrous dysplasia1
            -fibrous dysplasia2
            -platybasia and basilar invagination
            -occult occipital encephalocele
            -venolymphatic malformation, orbit
            -ectopic neurohypophysis

       -Trauma
            -skull fxs
            -dissection1
            -dissection2
            -B vertebral dissection
            -dissection with acute stroke
            -grade 4 ICA dissection
            -LVA Pseudoaneurysm
            -CTA brain dead
            -long t bone fx with IM dislocation
            -long t bone fx with IM dislocation 2
            -nasoethmoid encephalocele (acquired)
            -shear
            -multiple injuries
            -severe head injury
            -isodense SDH
            -acute on chronic SDH
            -acute SDH w edema
            -mult shears
            -DAI
            -subacute hemorrhagic contusions
            -fornix shear
            -EDH
            -EDH with active extrav
            -nonreducible TMJ disc dislocation
            -foraminal soft disc extrusion
            -cervical intradural disc extrusion
            -lumbar sequestered disc extrusion
            -Hirayama's Disease
            -Hirayama's Disease 2
            -lumbar SDH
            -occipital condyle fracture with widened AO joint
            -spinal cord transection
            -C5 flexion teardrop fracture
            -C5 burst fracture w VA dissection
            -tooth 8 fracture
            -diving ranula
            -burn injuries
            -distraction injuries C1-2 and C6-7
            -distraction injuries thoracic
            -distraction injuries thoracic and cervical with L1 burst
            -perched facets
            -C6-7 with facet perch/lock
            -C2 fracture with rotatory subluxation, RVA occlusion
            -C2 Hangman's fx
            -fixed rotatory subluxation C1-2
            -complex tsp fx/disloc
            -C7 fx w cord contusion and hemorrhage
            -cystic myelomalacia
            -cystic myelomalacia 2
            -reducible TMJ disc dislocation
            -TMJ disc posterior subluxation
            -traumatic ACA pseudoaneurysm

        -Degenerative/Metabolic/Other
            -CO poisoning
            -chronic hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
            -anoxic injury-electrocution
            -cerebral edema
            -cerebral edema 2
            -heroin toxicity/anoxia
            -combustible heroin toxicity leukoencephalopathy
            -heroin toxicity
            -hypertrophic olivary degeneration
            -secondary hyperparathyroidism
            -amyloid2
            -CNS Amyloidoma
            -MERS
            -extensive prominent PVS w gliosis
            -superficial siderosis1
            -superficial siderosis2
            -superficial siderosis3
            -cerebral edema
            -liver disease
            -5 FU toxicity
            -BRONJ
            -BRONJ 2
            -CAPNON
            -CAPNON 2
            -CAPNON 3
            -laryngocele
            -dural fibrosis after shunt placement
            -otosclerosis w stapes prosthesis
            -otosclerosis w obliterative disease
            -otosclerosis
            -otosclerosis2
            -otosclerosis3
            -otosclerosis4
            -otosclerosis5
            -otosclerosis6
            -otosclerosis7
            -Osteoid Osteoma
            -semicircular canal dehiscence
            -semicircular canal dehiscence 2
            -CWD with stapes prosthesis extrusion
            -CWD with lateral SCC fistula
            -Wernicke's syndrome
            -Adrenoleukodystrophy
            -Leigh Disease
            -Huntington's Disease
            -PSP
            -extrapontine myelinolysis
            -central pontine myelinolysis
            -langerhans cell histiocytosis (EG) of orbit
            -intracranial hypotension
            -spontaneous intracranial hypotension
            -intracranial hypotension
            -intracranial hypotension 2
            -intracranial hypotension 3
            -SIH w cortical venous thrombosis
            -idiopathic intracranial hypertension
            -idiopathic intracranial hypertension 2
            -Wallerian degeneration
            -Multisystem Atrophy
            -FTLD
            -Olivopontocerebellar Degeneration
            -Porencephalic cyst
            -ventral cord herniation
            -ventral cord herniation2
            -synovial cyst
            -synovial cyst 2
            -posterolateral epidural disc extrusion
            -posterolateral epidural disc extrusion 2
            -L5-S1 disc herniation resolves
            -foraminal disc extrusion
            -large disc extrusion
            -subarticular neural compression
            -neuropathic spondyloarthropathy
            -postictal signal changes
            -postictal signal changes 2
            -surgical site dehiscence with pneumocephalus
            -bilateral mesial temporal sclerosis
            - mesial temporal sclerosis 2
            - mesial temporal sclerosis 3
            - mesial temporal sclerosis 4
            -mesial temporal sclerosis





Images obtained prior to 2002 were contributed by current and former staff of the University of Cincinnati Neuroradiology department, some on camera film, with patient information marked over or otherwise obscured. Subsequent images were entirely obtained from the UCMC PACS system by Gavin Udstuen MD with all protected health information removed automatically by the system at the time of capture. Issues with images and links should be forwarded to udstueg@ucmail.uc.edu.

Disclaimer: The viewer is solely responsible for verification of the information presented. Diagnosis given is considered to be the most likely but not the only consideration for each case, and no claims are made of the validity of an individual diagnosis or of the information presented. In general, references are not listed since the concepts are those found in standard reference texts and the reader is encouraged to compare this information with his/her own knowledge resources. The information provided is not intended for use in diagnosis or treatment of any disease.