Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (autopsy proven)

Findings:
Axial CT images performed on different days show a streaklike hyperdensity in the right frontal lobe with surrounding low attenuation, which develops into a large parenchymal hemorrhage with rupture into the lateral ventricles. A second focus is apparent in the right corona radiata region.

Differential Diagnosis:
hemorrhagic infarction, amyloid angiopathy, less likely hypertensive hemorrhage, trauma

Discussion:
Amyloid angiopathy is a less considered but common cause of parenchymal hemorrhages in the normotensive elderly. Pathologically, amyloid deposits in the media and adventitia of medium size and small cortical leptomeningeal vessels, causing vascular thickening and fragility. The condition is not associated with systemic amyloidosis. Approximately 30% of cases are associated with progressive dementia. The prevalence increases with advancing age, with a large number occurring over age 90. Imaging features include superficial infarcts and hemorrhages of varying ages, with a predilection for the corticomedullary junction and parietooccipital regions. The basal ganglia are usually spared.

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